vector assign in c

cppreference.com

Std::vector<t,allocator>:: assign_range.

Replaces elements in the container with a copy of each element in rg .

All iterators (including the end() iterator) and references to the elements are invalidated.

Each iterator in the range rg is dereferenced exactly once.

The behavior is undefined if rg overlaps with the container.

[ edit ] Parameters

[ edit ] return value, [ edit ] notes, [ edit ] example, [ edit ] see also.

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Home » C++ STL

vector::assign() function with example in C++ STL

C++ STL vector::assign() function : Here, we are going to learn about the assign() function of vector header in C++ STL with example . Submitted by IncludeHelp , on May 15, 2019

C++ vector::assign() function

vector::assign() is a library function of "vector" header, it is used to initialize a vector or assign content to a vector, it assigns the new content to the vector, update the existing content, and also resizes the vector's size according to the content.

Note: To use vector, include <vector> header.

Syntax of vector::assign() function

Parameter(s):

In case of type 1: iterator_first, iterator_last – are the first and last iterators of a sequence with them we are going to assign the vector. In case of type 2: n – is the size of the vector and value – is a constant value to be assigned.

Return value: void – In both of the cases it returns nothing.

C++ program to demonstrate example of vector::assign() function

Reference: C++ vector::assign()

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Vectors in C++ & Vector Functions (with Examples)

• Nov 07, 2023
• 12 Minutes Read
• By Nihal Mahansaria

Vectors are an essential data structure in C++ that provide a dynamic array-like structure, allowing for the efficient storage and manipulation of elements. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced programmer, understanding vectors in C++ is crucial for building robust and flexible applications. This comprehensive guide will explore the concept of vectors, their functionalities, and how to effectively utilize them in your programs.

What are Vectors in C++?

Vectors in C++ are sequential containers that store elements in a continuous order. They can dynamically change their size at runtime, automatically adjusting to accommodate new elements. Unlike arrays, which have a fixed size, vectors provide flexibility and convenience in managing collections of data. Vectors can store elements of any data type, such as integers, characters, or even user-defined objects.

Declaration of Vectors in C++

To use vectors in C++, you need to include the header file. The syntax for declaring a vector is as follows:

Here, type represents the data type of the elements that will be stored in the vector, and vector_name is the neme given to the vector. For example, to declare a vector of integers named numbers, you can use the following code:

Unlike arrays, you don't need to specify the size of the vector during declaration, as vectors can dynamically resize themselves as elements are added or removed.

Initialization of Vectors in C++

There are several ways to initialize a vector in C++. Let's explore some common initialization methods.

Method 1: Initializer List

You can initialize a vector by providing a list of values enclosed in curly braces. For example:

The vector numbers are initialized with the values 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Method 2: Uniform Initialization

C++11 introduced uniform initialization syntax, which allows you to initialize a vector without using the equals sign. For example:

This syntax is equivalent to the previous method and initializers the vector numbers with the same values.

Method 3: Using the std::vector Constructor

You can also initialize a vector by using the constructor of the std::vector class. The constructor method allows you to specify the size of the vector and the initial value for all elements. For example:

Here, the vector numbers are initialized with a size of 5 and all elements set to 0.

Method 4: Using an Existing Vector

If you have an existing vector, you can create a new vector with the same values using the constructor. For example:

Here, the vector numbers2 is initialized with the values of numbers. The begin() and end() functions are used to retrieve the iterators pointing to the first and last elements of numbers1, respectively.

You can read this article to explore more methods: Initialize a vector in C++ ( 8 Easy Methods )

Various Functions in Vectors

Vectors in C++ provide a wide range of member functions that enables you to perform various operations on the vector. Let's explore some commonly used functions.

1. Iterators

Iterators are used to traverse or iterate over the elements of a vector. They provide a way to access and manipulate the elements in a sequential manner. Here ere seme commonly used iterator functions:

• begin(): Returns an iterator pointing to the first element of the vector.
• end(): Returns an iterator pointing to the element following the last element ef the vector.
• cbegin(): Returns a constant iterator pointing to the first element of the vector.
• cend(): Returns a constant iterator pointing to the element following the last element of the vector.
• rbegin(): Returns a reverse iterator pointing to the last element of the vector.
• rend(): Returns a reverse iterator pointing to the element preceding the first element ef the vector.
• crbegin(): Returns a constant reverse iterator pointing to the last element of the vector.
• crend(): Returns a constant reverse iterator pointing to the element preceding the first element ef the vector.

These iterator functions allow you to iterate over the elements of a vector using a loop or perform other operations on the elements.

In the above example, we use different iterator functions to traverse vector numbers and print its elements.

2. Capacity

Capacity functions provide information about the size and storage capacity of a vector. Here ere seme commonly used capacity functions:

• size(): Returns the number of elements in the vector.
• max_size(): Returns the maximum number of elements that the vector can hold.
• empty(): Returns a boolean value indicating whether the vector is empty or not.
• resize(n): Resize the vector so that it contains n elements.
• capacity(): Returns the current storage capacity of the vector.
• reserve(n): Requests that the vector capacity be at least enough to contain n elements.

These capacity functions allow you to manage the seze and storage of the vector efficiently.

In the above example, we use various capacity functions to obtain information about the size and capacity of the vector numbers. We also demonstrate how to resize and reserve capacity for the vector.

3. Element Access

Element access functions allow you to access and manipulate individual elements of a vector. Here ere seme commonly used element access functions:

• operator[]: Returns a reference to the element at the specified index.
• at(): Returns a reference to the element at the specified index, with bounds checking.
• front(): Returns a reference to the first element ef the vector.
• back(): Returns a reference to the last element ef the vector.
• data(): Returns a pointer to the underlying array that stores the elements.

These element access functions provide convenient ways to retrieve and modify specific elements in a vector.

In the above example, we use different element access functions to retrieve specific elements of the vector numbers and demonstrate how to access the underlying array using the data() function.

4. Modifiers

Modifiers are functions that allow you to add, remove, or modify elements in a vector. Here ere seme commonly used modifier functions:

• push_back(): Adds an element to the end ef the vector.
• pop_back(): Removes the last element from the vector.
• insert(): Inserts an element at the specified position.
• erase(): Removes elements from the vector at the specified position or range.
• swap(): Swaps the contents of two vectors.
• assign(): Assigns new values to the vector, replacing the old values.
• clear(): Removes all elements from the vector.
• emplace(): Inserts a new element at the specified position in the vector.
• emplace_back(): Adds a new element to the end ef the vector.

These modifier functions provide flexibility in managing the elements of a vector.

In the above example, we demonstrate the use of various modifier functions to add, remove, and modify elements in the vector numbers. We also show how to swap the contents of two vectors, assign new values to a vector, and clear a vector.

In this guide, we explored the concept of vectors in C++ and delve into their functionalities and usage. Vectors provide a flexible and efficient way to store and manipulate collections of elements. By understanding the various member functions of vectors, you can confidently utilize vectors in your C++ programming projects.

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Microsoft November 2023 Security Updates

November 2023 Security Updates

This release consists of the following 63 Microsoft CVEs:

Tag   CVE   Base Score   CVSS Vector   Exploitability   FAQs?   Workarounds?   Mitigations?

Microsoft Dynamics  CVE-2023-36007  

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36014  

Microsoft Dynamics  CVE-2023-36016

Windows Scripting  CVE-2023-36017  

Visual Studio Code  CVE-2023-36018  

Azure  CVE-2023-36021  

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36022  

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36024  

Windows SmartScreen  CVE-2023-36025

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36027  

Windows Protected EAP (PEAP)  CVE-2023-36028  

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36029  

Microsoft Dynamics 365 Sales  CVE-2023-36030  

Microsoft Dynamics  CVE-2023-36031  

Windows DWM Core Library  CVE-2023-36033  

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-36034  

Microsoft Exchange Server  CVE-2023-36035  

Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver  CVE-2023-36036  

Microsoft Office Excel  CVE-2023-36037  

ASP.NET  CVE-2023-36038  

Microsoft Exchange Server  CVE-2023-36039  

Microsoft Office Excel  CVE-2023-36041  

Visual Studio  CVE-2023-36042  

Open Management Infrastructure  CVE-2023-36043  

Microsoft Office  CVE-2023-36045  

Windows Authentication Methods  CVE-2023-36046  

Windows Authentication Methods  CVE-2023-36047  

.NET Framework  CVE-2023-36049  

Microsoft Exchange Server  CVE-2023-36050  

Azure  CVE-2023-36052  

Windows DHCP Server  CVE-2023-36392  

Tablet Windows User Interface  CVE-2023-36393  

Microsoft Windows Search Component  CVE-2023-36394  

Windows Deployment Services  CVE-2023-36395  

Windows Compressed Folder  CVE-2023-36396  

Windows Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)  CVE-2023-36397  

Windows NTFS  CVE-2023-36398  

Windows Storage  CVE-2023-36399  

Windows HMAC Key Derivation  CVE-2023-36400  

Microsoft Remote Registry Service  CVE-2023-36401  

Microsoft WDAC OLE DB provider for SQL  CVE-2023-36402  

Windows Kernel  CVE-2023-36403  

Windows Kernel  CVE-2023-36404  

Windows Kernel  CVE-2023-36405  

Windows Hyper-V  CVE-2023-36406  

Windows Hyper-V  CVE-2023-36407  

Windows Hyper-V  CVE-2023-36408  

Microsoft Dynamics  CVE-2023-36410  

Microsoft Office  CVE-2023-36413  

Windows Defender  CVE-2023-36422  

Microsoft Remote Registry Service  CVE-2023-36423  

Windows Common Log File System Driver  CVE-2023-36424  

Windows Distributed File System (DFS)  CVE-2023-36425  

Windows Hyper-V  CVE-2023-36427

Windows Authentication Methods  CVE-2023-36428  

Azure DevOps  CVE-2023-36437  

Microsoft Exchange Server  CVE-2023-36439  

ASP.NET  CVE-2023-36558  

ASP.NET  CVE-2023-36560

Windows Installer  CVE-2023-36705  

Microsoft Windows Speech  CVE-2023-36719  

Azure  CVE-2023-38151  

Microsoft Office SharePoint  CVE-2023-38177  

We are republishing 15 non-Microsoft CVEs:

CNA   Tag   CVE   FAQs?   Workarounds?   Mitigations?

Mitre Microsoft Bluetooth Driver  CVE-2023-24023  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5480  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5482  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5849  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5850  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5851  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5852  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5853  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5854  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5855  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5856  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5857  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5858  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5859  

Chrome Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based)  CVE-2023-5996  

Security Update Guide Blog Posts

Date   Blog Post

January 11, 2022  Coming Soon: New Security Update Guide Notification System

February 9, 2021  Continuing to Listen: Good News about the Security Update Guide API

January 13, 2021  Security Update Guide Supports CVEs Assigned by Industry Partners

December 8, 2020  Security Update Guide: Let’s keep the conversation going

November 9, 2020  Vulnerability Descriptions in the New Version of the Security Update Guide

Relevant Resources

The new Hotpatching feature is now generally available. Please see  Hotpatching feature for Windows Server Azure Edition virtual machines (VMs)  for more information.

Windows 10 updates are cumulative. The monthly security release includes all security fixes for vulnerabilities that affect Windows 10, in addition to non-security updates. The updates are available via the  Microsoft Update Catalog . For information on lifecycle and support dates for Windows 10 operating systems, please see  Windows Lifecycle Facts Sheet .

Microsoft is improving Windows Release Notes. For more information, please see  What's next for Windows release notes .

A list of the latest servicing stack updates for each operating system can be found in  ADV990001 . This list will be updated whenever a new servicing stack update is released. It is important to install the latest servicing stack update.

In addition to security changes for the vulnerabilities, updates include defense-in-depth updates to help improve security-related features.

Customers running Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, or Windows Server 2008 need to purchase the Extended Security Update to continue receiving security updates. See  4522133  for more information.

Known Issues

You can see these in more detail from the Deployments tab by selecting  Known Issues  column in the  Edit Columns  panel.

For more information about Windows Known Issues, please see  Windows message center  (links to currently-supported versions of Windows are in the left pane).

KB Article   Applies To

5032189  Windows 10, version 21H2, Windows 10, version 22H2

5032190  Windows 11, version 22H2

5032192  Windows 11, version 21H2

5032196  Windows 10, version 1809, Windows Server 2019

5032248  Windows Server 2008 (Security-only update)

5032250  Windows Server 2008 R2 (Security-only update)

5032252  Windows Server 2008 R2 (Monthly Rollup)

5032254  Windows Server 2008 (Monthly Rollup)

Released: Nov 14, 2023

November 2023 Security Updates - Release Notes - Security Update Guide - Microsoft

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• Microsoft Agent |

Hi NICK ADSL UK，

Welcome to Microsoft Community.

Thank you for sharing the information about the November 2023 Security Updates from Microsoft. It appears that there are a total of 63 Microsoft CVEs included in this release, covering various products and services such as Microsoft Dynamics, Microsoft Edge, Windows Scripting, Visual Studio Code, Azure, Windows SmartScreen, and many others.

The release includes security updates and fixes for vulnerabilities identified in these products. It is important for users to install these updates to enhance the security of their systems and protect against potential threats.

Please note that it is always advisable to keep your systems up to date with the latest security patches to ensure the best possible protection against potential vulnerabilities.

Thank you for your patience and understanding, if you have any questions, please feel free to leave us a message.

Best regards

Brandon | Microsoft Community Support Specialist

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Cleveland Guardians designate starter Cal Quantrill for assignment after injury-filled 2023 season

CLEVELAND — The Cleveland Guardians made a surprise roster move with starter Cal Quantrill on Tuesday, designating the right-hander for assignment.

Quantrill had a rough 2023 season, going 4-7 with a 5.24 ERA and making two trips to the injured list with shoulder issues. He finished nicely, going 2-1 with a 2.76 EA in his last six starts.

The 28-year-old Quantrill was a big part of the Guardians winning the AL Central in 2022 when he went 15-5 and made 32 starts. He’s been with Cleveland since coming over in a 2020 trade from San Diego.

Cleveland has seven days to trade or release Quantrill — or hope he can get through waivers. He’s eligible for arbitration and is under team contractual control until 2026. Quantrill was projected to make about $6.6 million in arbitration next season.

The Guardians also designated right-hander Michael Kelly for assignment and added right-handers Daniel Espino and Cade Smith to the 40-man roster.

Espino, 22, did not pitch last season after undergoing shoulder surgery in May. He was a first-round draft pick in 2019 and considered a star prospect in the organization. In three minor league seasons, he averaged 14.9 strikeouts per nine innings.

Smith, 24, split last season between Double-A Akron and Triple-A Columbus. He posted a 4.02 ERA in 47 games and led the organization in appearances and saves (15).

AP MLB: https://apnews.com/hub/MLB

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C++ vector::assign function

The C++ vector assign function assign values to the vector.There are three versions of assign function in vector.

T : Data type of the vector

Each of these functions vary little in how they can be used.A detail description of each of these functions is provided below.

void assign(size_t n, const T& val);

This function copies a value to the vector a specified number of times.

Parameters : n – An unsigned type value which specify the number of times the value should be copied to the vector.

val – A value to be assigned to the vector.

Return type void

Note in using this function if the vector hold any values previously ,they are overwritten.

Here is another example where the vector gets overwritten with the new value when the function is called.

Link : Vector size

The previous values are overwritten and even the size of the vector is changed.

template<typename IT> void assign(IT first , IT last);

This version of assign function is called when you copy a range of values from another container.

Parameters : first – An iterator or pointer signifying the starting position of the range to be copied.

last – An iterator which determine the end of range

The range of value copied is [first ,last) ;the last value is excluded.

Link : Vector begin

Here is another code example,where a pointer is used to determine the range of values to be copied.

The value pointed by ‘ arr+2 ‘ i.e arr[2] value is not copied.

void assign(initializer_list<T> l );

This last version assigns vector with the values taken from the initializer_list.

Parameters : l – An initializer_list object.

All the values of the intializer_list is copied into the vector.The size of the vector is equal to the number of values copied .The old data of the vector is lost.

• ← C++ vector::rend function
• C++ vector::resize function →

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• Vector in C++ STL

Initialize a vector in C++ (7 different ways)

Commonly used methods.

• vector::begin() and vector::end() in C++ STL
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Other Member Methods

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• vector::crend() & vector::crbegin() with example
• vector : : resize() in C++ STL
• vector shrink_to_fit() function in C++ STL
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Common Vector Programs

• Sorting a vector in C++
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The following are different ways to construct or initialize a vector in C++ STL

1. Initializing by pushing values one by one:

2. Specifying size and initializing all values:

3. Initializing like arrays:

4. Initializing from an array:

5. Initializing from another vector:

6. Initializing all elements with a particular value:

7 . Initialize an array with consecutive numbers using std::iota :

Time complexity: O(N), where N is the size of the vector.

Auxiliary space: O(N).   If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using write.geeksforgeeks.org . See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks. Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or if you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.

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