phrasebook for writing papers and research

PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English

About this ebook.

"This material, prepared by experienced editors, is certainly very useful" Photosynthetica

Example phrases

Introducing your work

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phrasebook for writing papers and research

About the author

Reading information.

Fukuoka University, Japan

PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English

The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research gives non-native-speaking researchers a bank of over 5000 words and phrases to help write, present and publish in English. Phrases are divided into around 30 main sections that follow the structure of university and research writing, such as Introducing a Study, Defining the Scope of a Study, Arguing For and Against, Reviewing Other Work, Summarizing and Conclusions. Many sections are further divided, for example the Relationship to previous work, Contrasting work and the Limitations of current knowledge.

In addition, Writing Help sections give advice on university and research writing in English. Main chapters include Style, Spelling, Punctuation, Grammar, Vocabulary, Numbers and Time. These include subsections on for example Referring to yourself, British and US spellings, Punctuating quotations, and References. The Writing Help sections help writers avoid many common errors in English. The PhraseBook also has a University and Research Thesaurus to help improve academic vocabulary, as well as a Glossary of University and Research Terminology. It further includes exercises for self-study and guides for using the PhraseBook in the classroom.

Click here download a sample PDF or view online . The PhraseBook sample PDF is in the top 0.5% of viewed publications on Academia.edu (Sept. 2014).

‘this material, prepared by experienced editors, is certainly very useful’ Photosynthetica

‘this book has been designed to help nonnative speakers write…in English’ The Daily Yomiuri, Japan

The Kindle version of the PhraseBook is a Top 100 Best Seller on Amazon.com in Science Education Research (March 2014).

The PhraseBook is used in over 30 countries in subjects ranging from Medicine, Engineering, Science and Technology to Law, Business and Economics, Political Science, Geography, History, Sociology, Psychology, Language and Education.

Users of the PhraseBook include academic staff, students and researchers at universities such as Oxford University, the University of Geneva, the University of Tokyo, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley, as well as at organizations such as the Medical Nobel Institute and companies from pharmaceuticals to space technology.

The PhraseBook is available in paperback at Amazon , as well as on Kindle , Apple iBooks and Google Play .

A number of example phrases are given below:

Introducing your work

The study will begin by outlining… This study addresses a number of issues… Chapters X and X concentrate on… The following section sets out… …to examine the research problem in detail …to shed light on a number of problem areas in current theory The paper presented here is based in part on an earlier study

Defining the scope of your study

The focus of the study is… The central question to be examined in this paper is… The study is important for a number of reasons: Present understanding of…is limited. Many authors would agree that… Previous studies have shown or suggested that… The problem has been much discussed in recent literature. This approach has a number of advantages: firstly,… The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that… A fuller discussion of…will appear in a later publication.

Arguing for and against

This point is particularly relevant to… This becomes clear when one examines… This lends weight to the argument that… Support for this interpretation comes from… To put it another way,… This raises the question whether… While it may well be valid that…, this study argues the importance of… This begs the question why… A serious drawback of this approach is… One of the prime failings of this theory or explanation is…

Reviewing other work

X’s study is a textbook example of… X’s work has had a profound influence on… The study contains a number of new and important insights: X makes a strong case for… X takes little or no account of… There is little evidence to suggest that… It is very much an oversimplification to… The study offers only cursory examination of… X gives a detailed if not always tenable analysis of… The authors’ claim that…is not well founded. X’s explanation is not implausible, if not entirely satisfactory.

Analysis and explanation

One tentative proposal might be that… If, for the sake of argument, we assume… One of the most obvious consequences of…is… This would appear to be supported by… There is some evidence to suggest that… The importance of…is demonstrated clearly by… Although it may well be true that…, it is important not to overlook… It is important to distinguish carefully between… It is not necessarily the case that… The extent to which this reflects…is unclear. A more plausible explanation for or of…would… The reason for…is unknown, but…has been suggested by X as a possible factor.

Summary and conclusions

Concluding this section, we can say that… Chapter X draws together the main findings of the paper. The study has gone some way towards understanding… A number of key issues have been addressed in this study. The results lend strong support to… This study has highlighted a number of problem areas in existing theory. While the initial findings are promising, further research is necessary. This raises a number of questions for future research. The results of this study suggest a number of new avenues for research.

PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English

Glossary of University and Research Terms

Writing help on style, spelling, punctuation and grammar, exercises for individual and classroom use, university and research thesaurus to build vocabulary, global english.

A PhraseBook to Help You Write, Present and Publish in English

The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research contains over 5000 words and phrases to help you write, present and publish in English. From Introducing your Work, Arguing For and Against, Method, Analysis, Reviewing other Work, Presenting Results to Summary and Conclusions. Grouped by topic to find words and phrases easily.

Written by PhD authors, the PhraseBook is specially designed for non-native speakers. Writing Help sections give advice on university and research writing in English, helping you avoid many common errors. Main sections include Style, Spelling, Punctuation, Grammar and Vocabulary.

Suitable for university and research writing from student to researcher and faculty level.

Over 5000 Words and Phrases

Written by PhD authors, phrases are divided into around 30 main sections that follow the structure of university and research writing, such as Introducing a Study, Defining the Scope of a Study, Arguing For and Against, Reviewing Other Work, Summarizing and Conclusions. Many sections are further divided, for example the Relationship to previous work, Contrasting work and the Limitations of current knowledge. Read more...

The PhraseBook also includes a glossary with common university and research terminology. A great deal of English academic vocabulary derives from Latin and Greek. Given the large number of foreign elements in English university and research vocabulary, it can be difficult to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word. Knowledge of some Greek and Latin helps to decipher the meaning of many terms, not least for speakers from parts of the world with other classical languages. Read more...

The PhraseBook includes Writing Help sections on Grammar, Style and Punctuation. These sections help you avoid many common errors in English before submitting your text. Read more...

The PhraseBook is both a useful classroom tool for teachers and a self-study book for students. Rather than concentrating on rules and exceptions as many books, the PhraseBook focuses on writing, providing the tools for students to write in their subject. Read more...

The PhraseBook thesaurus is specifically compiled for university and research writing, and contains both synonyms (words with a similar meaning) and antonyms (words with the opposite meaning). The thesaurus helps you build a richer vocabulary in English and avoid using the same expressions over and again. Read more...

The PhraseBook is suitable for writing for all English-speaking countries, including the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and South Africa. British and American alternatives are given throughout the PhraseBook, and a detailed list of British-US spelling differences is given in the Writing Help section. Read more...

Photosynthetica

'this material, prepared by experienced editors, is certainly very useful'

Indispensable book for non-native speakers

'There are various books dedicated for writing papers and scientific reports for non-native English speakers. To put thoughts on paper usually is not a trivial task for many students and practitioners even in their mother tongue. This task grows enormously if paper has to be written in English by a non-native English speaker. Therefore any assistance, which can improve writing skills and style and reduce hardship of communicating in English with power and a few words, becomes indispensable. The "PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English" serves this purpose splendidly. It is one of a few books, which really helps me, a non-native English speaker, in my work. Unlike many related books and guides, the Phrasebook allows the users to work on own writing; improve the text structure; expand the text with phrases and words most frequently used in academic English. It also encourages the users to improve their vocabulary by suggesting alternative expressions, helping them to familiarize themselves with scientific terminology, give their writing greater richness and variety. I enjoy working with this book and believe if you apply the recommendations, it will produce better a written more polished text. Highly recommended.' Reviewer, Amazon.com.

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Research Papers

Introduction.

This overview of research paper strategies will focus on the type of research paper that uses library resources.

The research paper is a popular academic assignment. Forms of it are also used in various professional fields. The research paper gives you the opportunity to think seriously about some issue. Building on the research of others, you have the opportunity to contribute your own research and insights to a particular question of interest to you. It also gives you practice in important academic skills such as:

Disciplines vary in their ways of conducting research, in writing research papers, and in the form of the final copy. See the Complete Discipline Listing Guide (Purdue OWL) of style guide information, with links to useful resources under each discipline.

Individual instructors may also vary in their expectations of a research paper. It is important that you read the assignment carefully . Writing a research paper can be a very messy and fluid process, and the following is only a representation of commonly used steps.

Two major types of research papers

Argumentative research paper: .

The argumentative research paper consists of an introduction in which you clearly introduce the topic and inform the audience exactly which stance you intend to take; this stance is often identified as the  thesis statement . An important goal of the argumentative research paper is persuasion, which means the topic chosen should be debatable or controversial. To be debatable, someone must be able to argue against your position. For example, “Mozart was a composer” is a fact and cannot be argued against, but “Mozart was the best composer to ever live” is an opinion and can be argued against.

You would support the thesis throughout the paper by means of both primary and secondary sources, with the intent to persuade the audience that the interpretation of the situation is viable.

Analytical research paper:

The analytical research paper often begins with asking a question (a.k.a. a research question) on which you have not taken a stance. Such a paper is often an exercise in exploration and evaluation.

It is not the intent to persuade the audience that your ideas are right while those of others are wrong. Instead, the goal is to offer a critical interpretation of primary and secondary sources throughout the paper--sources that should, ultimately, buttress particular analysis of the topic.

It is typically not until you have begun the writing process that the thesis statement begins to take solid form. In fact, the thesis statement in an analytical paper is often more fluid than the thesis in an argumentative paper. Such is one of the benefits of approaching the topic without a predetermined stance.

Updated June 2022

PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English: Over 5000 words and phrases to help you write at university and research level in English

Stephen howe , kristina henriksson.

304 pages, Kindle Edition

First published January 1, 2007

About the author

Stephen Howe

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Phrasebook For Writing Papers And Research In English [DJVU]

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Org File Size: 1,661,240

Extension: djvu

Toc: PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English iii......Page 3 About the PhraseBook vi......Page 6 How to use the PhraseBook viii......Page 8 Using the PhraseBook in the classroom xii......Page 12 Writing Help 1......Page 13 Varieties of English 2......Page 14 University and research writing 3......Page 15 Avoiding colloquial language 5......Page 17 Avoiding contracted forms 7......Page 19 Avoiding cliches 8......Page 20 Avoiding tautology 10......Page 22 Referring to yourself 11......Page 23 Referring to the reader 13......Page 25 Referring generally 14......Page 26 he and she 15......Page 27 Other types of bias 18......Page 30 British and US spellings 21......Page 33 z and s spellings 32......Page 44 Full stop (GB) or period (US) 36......Page 48 Comma 37......Page 49 Colon 39......Page 51 Question mark 40......Page 52 Hyphen 41......Page 53 Hyphenation of prefixes 42......Page 54 Using the hyphen in temporary compounds before a noun 45......Page 57 Dash 46......Page 58 The possessive with 's 48......Page 60 Quotation marks 51......Page 63 Punctuation at the end of quotations 52......Page 64 Punctuating titles, legends and bullets 54......Page 66 Parenthesis and ellipsis 57......Page 69 References 59......Page 71 Abbreviations 64......Page 76 Capitalization 71......Page 83 Noncount nouns 74......Page 86 Singular words ending in -s 77......Page 89 Irregular plurals 79......Page 91 Confusing words: singular and plural 87......Page 99 Confusing words: pronouns 89......Page 101 Irregular verbs 90......Page 102 Differences in vocabulary in English varieties 95......Page 107 Ambiguous words 96......Page 108 Confusing words 97......Page 109 Confusing prefixes 99......Page 111 Alternatives to get 101......Page 113 Numbers 106......Page 118 Time 117......Page 129 Phrases 121......Page 133 Preface and acknowledgements 122......Page 134 About the author or authors 126......Page 138 Introducing a study, chapter or section 129......Page 141 The aim of your study and outlining the topic 131......Page 143 Defining the scope of your study 136......Page 148 Your method or approach 139......Page 151 Definitions, notation and terminology 145......Page 157 Presenting data 150......Page 162 Giving examples 154......Page 166 The relationship to other work 157......Page 169 Referring to other work 164......Page 176 Reviewing other work 167......Page 179 What you agree with 170......Page 182 What you disagree with 172......Page 184 Arguing your case and putting forward ideas 177......Page 189 Arguing against 180......Page 192 Analysis and discussion 182......Page 194 Explanation 187......Page 199 Qualifying 190......Page 202 Quantifying 195......Page 207 Time 202......Page 214 Hypotheses and probability 207......Page 219 Rhetorical questions and addressing your audience 211......Page 223 Compare and contrast 213......Page 225 Tying a text together 219......Page 231 Presenting results 222......Page 234 Interpreting findings 226......Page 238 Concluding a study, chapter or section 230......Page 242 Summary and abstract 235......Page 247 Thesaurus 239......Page 251 Glossary and Reference 263......Page 275 University and research terminology 264......Page 276 Greek, Latin and other elements 277......Page 289 SI prefixes 301......Page 313 SI and British-American units 303......Page 315

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PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English by Stephen Howe, Kristina Henriksson
Read this book using Google Play Books app on your PC, android, iOS devices. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English
PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English
The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research gives non-native-speaking researchers a bank of over 5000 words and phrases to help write, present and publish in English
PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English
The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research contains over 5000 words and phrases to help you write, present and publish in English
PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English by Stephen Howe
The PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research gives you a bank of over 5000 words and phrases to help you write, present and publish at university and research level in English.Phrases are divided into around 30 main sections
PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English
Over 5000 words and phrases to help you write at university and research level in English 4th Edition Stephen Howe, BA, PhD Kristina Henriksson, MSc, PhD
PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English by Kristina Henriksson, Stephen Howe
Buy PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research in English by Kristina Henriksson, Stephen Howe online at Alibris. We have new and used copies available, in 1 editions - starting at $19.45
PhraseBook For Writing Papers and Research in English
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Phrasebook For Writing Papers And Research In English [DJVU] [71p607v4dbf0]
The "PhraseBook for Writing Papers and Research" contains over 5000 words and phrases to help you write at university and research level in English. It covers topics ranging from introducing your work